See jul on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for jul meaning in All languages combined (24.7kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "determiner"
},
"expansion": "jul",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "det",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "your (plural)",
"word": "julle"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afrikaans determiners",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of julle; your (plural)"
],
"id": "en-jul-af-det-iFqmrEfr",
"links": [
[
"julle",
"julle#Afrikaans"
],
[
"your",
"your"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "ek"
},
{
"word": "my"
},
{
"word": "myne"
},
{
"word": "jy"
},
{
"word": "jou"
},
{
"word": "joune"
},
{
"word": "u"
},
{
"word": "u s’n"
},
{
"word": "hy"
},
{
"word": "hom"
},
{
"word": "sy"
},
{
"word": "syne"
},
{
"word": "haar"
},
{
"word": "hare"
},
{
"word": "dit"
},
{
"word": "ons"
},
{
"word": "ons s’n"
},
{
"word": "julle"
},
{
"word": "jul1"
},
{
"word": "julle s’n"
},
{
"word": "hulle"
},
{
"word": "hul1"
},
{
"word": "hulle s’n"
},
{
"word": "1. The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function"
},
{
"word": "but also otherwise"
},
{
"word": "chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-jul.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-jul.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-jul.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-jul.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-jul.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "jul"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: jul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: jul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "jul",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: jul",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "partially from an earlier East Nordic borrowing"
},
"expansion": "(partially from an earlier East Nordic borrowing)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: jul (partially from an earlier East Nordic borrowing)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Jul",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Jul\n→ Dutch: joel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Jul\n→ Dutch: joel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Julfest",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ German: Julfest\n→ Dutch: joelfeest",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "⇒ German: Julfest\n→ Dutch: joelfeest"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kl",
"2": "juulli",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greenlandic: juulli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greenlandic: juulli"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse jól",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*jehwlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *jehwlą",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse jól, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *jehwlą, *jeulō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "julen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jule",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jul",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jule",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "julene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "juls",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jules",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "julenes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "jule",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "julen",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "jul c (singular definite julen, plural indefinite jule)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "e"
},
"expansion": "jul c (singular definite julen, plural indefinite jule)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "e"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "julenes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "jules",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "julens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "juls",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "julene",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "jule",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "julen",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "jul"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "da",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "da:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "da",
"name": "Christmas",
"orig": "da:Christmas",
"parents": [
"Christianity",
"Holidays",
"Abrahamism",
"Observances",
"Religion",
"Calendar",
"Culture",
"Timekeeping",
"Society",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Juleøen"
},
{
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "jule"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "juleaften"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "juleassistance"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julebuk"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "juledag"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "juleevangelium"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julefrokost"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julegave"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julekalender"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "juleleg"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julemand"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "julemærke"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julenisse"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julepynt"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "juleri"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julerose"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julesalat"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julestads"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julestemning"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "juletræ"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "juletræsfod"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Christmas (the time around 25 December)"
],
"id": "en-jul-da-noun--Jpw28RV",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"Christmas",
"Christmas"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) Christmas (the time around 25 December)"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈjuˀl]"
},
{
"homophone": "hjul"
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse jól",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*jehwlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *jehwlą",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse jól, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *jehwlą, *jeulō.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "jul",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "jule"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of jule"
],
"id": "en-jul-da-verb-MgmHUfcI",
"links": [
[
"jule",
"jule#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈjuˀl]"
},
{
"homophone": "hjul"
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse jól",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse jól.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jula",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "juler",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "julene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nb",
"name": "Christmas",
"orig": "nb:Christmas",
"parents": [
"Christianity",
"Holidays",
"Abrahamism",
"Observances",
"Religion",
"Calendar",
"Culture",
"Timekeeping",
"Society",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "god jul"
},
{
"word": "julaften"
},
{
"alt": "første ..., andre ... etc.",
"word": "juledag"
},
{
"word": "julegave"
},
{
"word": "julehilsen"
},
{
"word": "julehymne"
},
{
"word": "julekort"
},
{
"word": "julelys"
},
{
"word": "julemat"
},
{
"word": "julemiddag"
},
{
"word": "julenisse"
},
{
"word": "julepresang"
},
{
"word": "julesang"
},
{
"word": "julestemning"
},
{
"word": "julestjerne"
},
{
"word": "julestrømpe"
},
{
"word": "juletid"
},
{
"word": "juletre"
},
{
"word": "juletrefot"
},
{
"word": "lillejulaften"
},
{
"word": "romjul"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Christmas, also Yule"
],
"id": "en-jul-nb-noun-llYu4FTh",
"links": [
[
"Christmas",
"Christmas"
],
[
"Yule",
"Yule"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jʉːl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jʉːɽ/"
},
{
"homophone": "hjul"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʉːɽ"
},
{
"audio": "No-jul.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/No-jul.ogg/No-jul.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/No-jul.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "nb",
"3": "jul"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål jul",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "da",
"3": "jul"
},
"expansion": "Danish jul",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non-oen",
"3": "iūl"
},
"expansion": "Old East Norse iūl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non-own",
"2": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Old West Norse jól",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Yule"
},
"expansion": "English Yule",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "As a written form borrowed from Norwegian Bokmål jul, from Danish jul, from Old East Norse iūl. Also through the spoken language as an earlier East Nordic loan. Cognate with Old West Norse jól, compare jol. Akin to English Yule.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jula",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "juler",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "julene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nn",
"name": "Christmas",
"orig": "nn:Christmas",
"parents": [
"Christianity",
"Holidays",
"Abrahamism",
"Observances",
"Religion",
"Calendar",
"Culture",
"Timekeeping",
"Society",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "god jul"
},
{
"word": "romjul"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of jol (“Christmas; Yule”)"
],
"id": "en-jul-nn-noun-YJZPKz02",
"links": [
[
"jol",
"jol#Norwegian Nynorsk"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "Christmas; Yule",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "jol"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jʉːl/"
},
{
"homophone": "hjul"
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jȗl",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ју̑л",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "juli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "julu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "juli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "juli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "julu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "julom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "jȗl"
},
"expansion": "jȗl m (Cyrillic spelling ју̑л)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jul",
"10": "juli",
"11": "julu",
"12": "julima",
"13": "julom",
"14": "julima",
"2": "juli",
"3": "jula",
"4": "jula",
"5": "julu",
"6": "julima",
"7": "juli",
"8": "jule",
"9": "jul"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "the month of July",
"word": "jȗli"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Months",
"orig": "sh:Months",
"parents": [
"Periodic occurrences",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of jȗli, the month of July"
],
"id": "en-jul-sh-noun-3aRbVLBn",
"links": [
[
"jȗli",
"juli#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"July",
"July"
]
],
"related": [
{
"sense": "month",
"word": "Previous: jȗn. Next: avgust"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "iūl"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish iūl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse jól",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*jehwlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *jehwlą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "late 13th century"
},
"expansion": "the late 13th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "jul in Svensk ordbok (SO)",
"name": ""
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "late 13th century",
"ref": "jul in Svensk ordbok (SO)"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the late 13th century.",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Yule"
},
"expansion": "English Yule",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "jul"
},
"expansion": "Danish jul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "jõulud"
},
"expansion": "Estonian jõulud",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "joulu"
},
"expansion": "Finnish joulu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Faroese jól",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic jól",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "jul"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian jul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "Yule"
},
"expansion": "Scots Yule",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish iūl, from Old Norse jól, from Proto-Germanic *jehwlą. First attested in the late 13th century.\nCognate with English Yule, Danish jul, Estonian jõulud, Finnish joulu, Faroese jól, Icelandic jól, Norwegian jul, and Scots Yule.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jular",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jularna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "juls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julars",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jularnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "jul c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "jul c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "jul",
"2": "julen",
"3": "jular",
"4": "jularna",
"5": "juls",
"6": "julens",
"7": "julars",
"8": "jularnas",
"base": "jul",
"definitions": "",
"gender": "Common"
},
"name": "sv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "98 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sv",
"name": "Christmas",
"orig": "sv:Christmas",
"parents": [
"Christianity",
"Holidays",
"Abrahamism",
"Observances",
"Religion",
"Calendar",
"Culture",
"Timekeeping",
"Society",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "merry Christmas",
"word": "god jul"
},
{
"english": "last Christmas",
"word": "i julas"
},
{
"english": "Christmas Eve",
"word": "julafton"
},
{
"english": "Christmas lights",
"word": "julbelysning"
},
{
"english": "Yule goat",
"word": "julbock"
},
{
"english": "Christmas smorgasbord; see there for dishes",
"word": "julbord"
},
{
"english": "Christmas candle",
"word": "juleljus"
},
{
"english": "Christmas time",
"word": "juletid"
},
{
"english": "rice pudding",
"word": "julgröt"
},
{
"english": "Christmas Day matins",
"word": "julotta"
},
{
"english": "Christmas decorations",
"word": "julpynt"
},
{
"english": "decorate for Christmas",
"word": "julpynta"
},
{
"english": "Christmas must (soft drink)",
"word": "julmust"
},
{
"word": "julstuga"
},
{
"english": "Christmas mood",
"word": "julstämning"
},
{
"english": "Santa Claus",
"word": "jultomte"
},
{
"english": "Christmas beer",
"word": "julöl"
},
{
"sense": "julgran (“Christmas tree”)",
"word": "julgransplundring"
},
{
"english": "Christmas present rhyme",
"sense": "julklapp (“Christmas present”)",
"word": "julklappsrim"
},
{
"english": "handing out of Christmas presents",
"sense": "julklapp (“Christmas present”)",
"word": "julklappsutdelning"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Fourteen days before Christmas, the pastor proposed to the blonde and got a no!",
"ref": "1877, August Strindberg, Från Fjerdingen och Svartbäcken, page 8",
"text": "Fjorton dagar före Jul friade pastorn till den blonda och fick nej!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "When the nights get long and the cold sets in, then mother mouse goes and gathers her whole group of children. She then points [directs, more generally] to the trap: \"Beware of that one, and we will all get to celebrate Christmas again.\" Hidy howdy, fallerallera [expression of exhilaration, often in song], when [the] Christmas comes, every kid should be happy! Hidy howdy, fallerallera, when [the] Christmas comes, every kid should be happy!",
"ref": "1946, “Mössens julafton (När nätterna blir långa) [The mice's Christmas Eve (When the nights get long)]”, Ulf Peder Olrog (lyrics), Alf Prøysen (music)",
"text": "När nätterna blir långa och kölden sätter in, tar mamma mus och samlar hela barnaskaran sin. Hon visar sen på fällan: \"Akta er för den, så får vi allesammans fira jul igen.\" Hejsan hoppsan, fallerallera, när julen kommer ska varenda unge vara gla' [glad]! Hejsan hoppsan, fallerallera, när julen kommer ska varenda unge vara gla' [glad]!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "\"We must, for example, meet during Christmas; it's a part of life and crucial for our well-being that we get to meet each other. We just need to be mindful not to infect anyone who is vulnerable,\" he [the state epidemiologist] says.",
"ref": "2023 December 11, Magnus Liljesköld, “Fortsatt ökad spridning av trippelsmittan väntas i jul [Continued increased spread of the triple infection is expected during Christmas.]”, in Sveriges Radio",
"text": "”Vi måste ju till exempel träffas i jul, det är ju en del av livet och det är viktigt för vårt välbefinnande att vi får träffa varandra, bara vi tänker på att inte smitta någon som är sårbar”, säger han [statsepidemiologen].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Christmas, Yule"
],
"id": "en-jul-sv-noun-sD6Ro-XB",
"links": [
[
"Christmas",
"Christmas"
],
[
"Yule",
"Yule"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "a Christmas TV special broadcast every Christmas Eve",
"word": "Kalle Anka"
},
{
"english": "sound of jingle bells",
"word": "bjällerklang"
},
{
"english": "Dipping day; syn. of Christmas Eve",
"word": "dopparedagen"
},
{
"english": "glogg",
"word": "glögg"
},
{
"english": "gingerbread house",
"word": "pepparkakshus"
},
{
"english": "pre-Christmas special broadcast on December 23",
"word": "uppesittarkväll"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jʉːl/"
},
{
"homophone": "hjul"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʉːl"
},
{
"audio": "Sv-jul.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/Sv-jul.ogg/Sv-jul.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Sv-jul.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sv:jul"
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "jul c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "jul c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sv",
"name": "Months",
"orig": "sv:Months",
"parents": [
"Periodic occurrences",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"July; abbreviation of juli."
],
"id": "en-jul-sv-noun-PmJtYNxt",
"links": [
[
"July",
"July"
],
[
"juli",
"juli#Swedish"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "jan - feb - mar - apr - maj - jun - jul - aug - sep - okt - nov - dec"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jʉːl/"
},
{
"homophone": "hjul"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʉːl"
},
{
"audio": "Sv-jul.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/Sv-jul.ogg/Sv-jul.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Sv-jul.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sv:jul"
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "de",
"3": "Schule"
},
"expansion": "German Schule",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Schule.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "juls",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vo-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "juls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jules",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "juli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "o jul!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "o juls!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "julu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "juls",
"f1accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "jul (nominative plural juls)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "jul (nominative plural juls)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "vo-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"school"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "pöpajul"
}
],
"id": "en-jul-vo-noun-1k3r2ULX",
"links": [
[
"school",
"school"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃul/"
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "determiner"
},
"expansion": "jul",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"pos": "det",
"related": [
{
"word": "ek"
},
{
"word": "my"
},
{
"word": "myne"
},
{
"word": "jy"
},
{
"word": "jou"
},
{
"word": "joune"
},
{
"word": "u"
},
{
"word": "u s’n"
},
{
"word": "hy"
},
{
"word": "hom"
},
{
"word": "sy"
},
{
"word": "syne"
},
{
"word": "haar"
},
{
"word": "hare"
},
{
"word": "dit"
},
{
"word": "ons"
},
{
"word": "ons s’n"
},
{
"word": "julle"
},
{
"word": "jul1"
},
{
"word": "julle s’n"
},
{
"word": "hulle"
},
{
"word": "hul1"
},
{
"word": "hulle s’n"
},
{
"word": "1. The forms jul and hul are unstressed variants. They are used mostly in possessive function"
},
{
"word": "but also otherwise"
},
{
"word": "chiefly when the pronoun is repeated within the same sentence"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "your (plural)",
"word": "julle"
}
],
"categories": [
"Afrikaans determiners",
"Afrikaans entries with incorrect language header",
"Afrikaans lemmas",
"Afrikaans terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of julle; your (plural)"
],
"links": [
[
"julle",
"julle#Afrikaans"
],
[
"your",
"your"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q14196 (afr)-Oesjaar-jul.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-jul.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-jul.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-jul.wav/LL-Q14196_%28afr%29-Oesjaar-jul.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish common-gender nouns",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Danish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Danish terms with homophones",
"Danish verb forms",
"da:Christmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Juleøen"
},
{
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "jule"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "juleaften"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "juleassistance"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julebuk"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "juledag"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "juleevangelium"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julefrokost"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julegave"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julekalender"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "juleleg"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julemand"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "julemærke"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julenisse"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julepynt"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "juleri"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julerose"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julesalat"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julestads"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "julestemning"
},
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "juletræ"
},
{
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "juletræsfod"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "jul"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: jul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: jul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "jul",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: jul",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "partially from an earlier East Nordic borrowing"
},
"expansion": "(partially from an earlier East Nordic borrowing)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: jul (partially from an earlier East Nordic borrowing)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Jul",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Jul\n→ Dutch: joel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Jul\n→ Dutch: joel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Julfest",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ German: Julfest\n→ Dutch: joelfeest",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "⇒ German: Julfest\n→ Dutch: joelfeest"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kl",
"2": "juulli",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greenlandic: juulli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greenlandic: juulli"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse jól",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*jehwlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *jehwlą",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse jól, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *jehwlą, *jeulō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "julen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jule",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jul",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jule",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "julene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "juls",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jules",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "julenes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "jule",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "julen",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "jul c (singular definite julen, plural indefinite jule)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "e"
},
"expansion": "jul c (singular definite julen, plural indefinite jule)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "e"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "julenes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "jules",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "julens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "juls",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "julene",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "jule",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "julen",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "jul"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"da:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"Christmas (the time around 25 December)"
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"Christmas",
"Christmas"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) Christmas (the time around 25 December)"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈjuˀl]"
},
{
"homophone": "hjul"
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish common-gender nouns",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Danish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Danish terms with homophones",
"Danish verb forms",
"da:Christmas"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse jól",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*jehwlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *jehwlą",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse jól, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *jehwlą, *jeulō.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "jul",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "jule"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of jule"
],
"links": [
[
"jule",
"jule#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈjuˀl]"
},
{
"homophone": "hjul"
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "god jul"
},
{
"word": "julaften"
},
{
"alt": "første ..., andre ... etc.",
"word": "juledag"
},
{
"word": "julegave"
},
{
"word": "julehilsen"
},
{
"word": "julehymne"
},
{
"word": "julekort"
},
{
"word": "julelys"
},
{
"word": "julemat"
},
{
"word": "julemiddag"
},
{
"word": "julenisse"
},
{
"word": "julepresang"
},
{
"word": "julesang"
},
{
"word": "julestemning"
},
{
"word": "julestjerne"
},
{
"word": "julestrømpe"
},
{
"word": "juletid"
},
{
"word": "juletre"
},
{
"word": "juletrefot"
},
{
"word": "lillejulaften"
},
{
"word": "romjul"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse jól",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse jól.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jula",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "juler",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "julene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål feminine nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål nouns with multiple genders",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Old Norse",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with audio links",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Norwegian Bokmål/ʉːɽ",
"nb:Christmas"
],
"glosses": [
"Christmas, also Yule"
],
"links": [
[
"Christmas",
"Christmas"
],
[
"Yule",
"Yule"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jʉːl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jʉːɽ/"
},
{
"homophone": "hjul"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʉːɽ"
},
{
"audio": "No-jul.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/No-jul.ogg/No-jul.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/No-jul.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "god jul"
},
{
"word": "romjul"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "nb",
"3": "jul"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål jul",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "da",
"3": "jul"
},
"expansion": "Danish jul",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non-oen",
"3": "iūl"
},
"expansion": "Old East Norse iūl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non-own",
"2": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Old West Norse jól",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Yule"
},
"expansion": "English Yule",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "As a written form borrowed from Norwegian Bokmål jul, from Danish jul, from Old East Norse iūl. Also through the spoken language as an earlier East Nordic loan. Cognate with Old West Norse jól, compare jol. Akin to English Yule.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jula",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "juler",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "julene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk feminine nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Danish",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Norwegian Bokmål",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old East Norse",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms with homophones",
"Norwegian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"nn:Christmas"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of jol (“Christmas; Yule”)"
],
"links": [
[
"jol",
"jol#Norwegian Nynorsk"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "Christmas; Yule",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "jol"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jʉːl/"
},
{
"homophone": "hjul"
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "jȗl",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ју̑л",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "juli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "julu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "juli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "juli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "julu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "julom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "jȗl"
},
"expansion": "jȗl m (Cyrillic spelling ју̑л)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jul",
"10": "juli",
"11": "julu",
"12": "julima",
"13": "julom",
"14": "julima",
"2": "juli",
"3": "jula",
"4": "jula",
"5": "julu",
"6": "julima",
"7": "juli",
"8": "jule",
"9": "jul"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"sense": "month",
"word": "Previous: jȗn. Next: avgust"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "the month of July",
"word": "jȗli"
}
],
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"sh:Months"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of jȗli, the month of July"
],
"links": [
[
"jȗli",
"juli#Serbo-Croatian"
],
[
"July",
"July"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Swedish/ʉːl",
"Rhymes:Swedish/ʉːl/1 syllable",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Swedish terms with audio links",
"Swedish terms with homophones",
"sv:Christmas",
"sv:Months"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "merry Christmas",
"word": "god jul"
},
{
"english": "last Christmas",
"word": "i julas"
},
{
"english": "Christmas Eve",
"word": "julafton"
},
{
"english": "Christmas lights",
"word": "julbelysning"
},
{
"english": "Yule goat",
"word": "julbock"
},
{
"english": "Christmas smorgasbord; see there for dishes",
"word": "julbord"
},
{
"english": "Christmas candle",
"word": "juleljus"
},
{
"english": "Christmas time",
"word": "juletid"
},
{
"sense": "julgran (“Christmas tree”)",
"word": "julgransplundring"
},
{
"english": "rice pudding",
"word": "julgröt"
},
{
"english": "Christmas present rhyme",
"sense": "julklapp (“Christmas present”)",
"word": "julklappsrim"
},
{
"english": "handing out of Christmas presents",
"sense": "julklapp (“Christmas present”)",
"word": "julklappsutdelning"
},
{
"english": "Christmas Day matins",
"word": "julotta"
},
{
"english": "Christmas decorations",
"word": "julpynt"
},
{
"english": "decorate for Christmas",
"word": "julpynta"
},
{
"english": "Christmas must (soft drink)",
"word": "julmust"
},
{
"word": "julstuga"
},
{
"english": "Christmas mood",
"word": "julstämning"
},
{
"english": "Santa Claus",
"word": "jultomte"
},
{
"english": "Christmas beer",
"word": "julöl"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "iūl"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish iūl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse jól",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*jehwlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *jehwlą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "late 13th century"
},
"expansion": "the late 13th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "jul in Svensk ordbok (SO)",
"name": ""
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "late 13th century",
"ref": "jul in Svensk ordbok (SO)"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the late 13th century.",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Yule"
},
"expansion": "English Yule",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "jul"
},
"expansion": "Danish jul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "jõulud"
},
"expansion": "Estonian jõulud",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "joulu"
},
"expansion": "Finnish joulu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Faroese jól",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "jól"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic jól",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "jul"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian jul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "Yule"
},
"expansion": "Scots Yule",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish iūl, from Old Norse jól, from Proto-Germanic *jehwlą. First attested in the late 13th century.\nCognate with English Yule, Danish jul, Estonian jõulud, Finnish joulu, Faroese jól, Icelandic jól, Norwegian jul, and Scots Yule.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jular",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jularna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "juls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julars",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jularnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "jul c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "jul c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "jul",
"2": "julen",
"3": "jular",
"4": "jularna",
"5": "juls",
"6": "julens",
"7": "julars",
"8": "jularnas",
"base": "jul",
"definitions": "",
"gender": "Common"
},
"name": "sv-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "a Christmas TV special broadcast every Christmas Eve",
"word": "Kalle Anka"
},
{
"english": "sound of jingle bells",
"word": "bjällerklang"
},
{
"english": "Dipping day; syn. of Christmas Eve",
"word": "dopparedagen"
},
{
"english": "glogg",
"word": "glögg"
},
{
"english": "gingerbread house",
"word": "pepparkakshus"
},
{
"english": "pre-Christmas special broadcast on December 23",
"word": "uppesittarkväll"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Fourteen days before Christmas, the pastor proposed to the blonde and got a no!",
"ref": "1877, August Strindberg, Från Fjerdingen och Svartbäcken, page 8",
"text": "Fjorton dagar före Jul friade pastorn till den blonda och fick nej!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "When the nights get long and the cold sets in, then mother mouse goes and gathers her whole group of children. She then points [directs, more generally] to the trap: \"Beware of that one, and we will all get to celebrate Christmas again.\" Hidy howdy, fallerallera [expression of exhilaration, often in song], when [the] Christmas comes, every kid should be happy! Hidy howdy, fallerallera, when [the] Christmas comes, every kid should be happy!",
"ref": "1946, “Mössens julafton (När nätterna blir långa) [The mice's Christmas Eve (When the nights get long)]”, Ulf Peder Olrog (lyrics), Alf Prøysen (music)",
"text": "När nätterna blir långa och kölden sätter in, tar mamma mus och samlar hela barnaskaran sin. Hon visar sen på fällan: \"Akta er för den, så får vi allesammans fira jul igen.\" Hejsan hoppsan, fallerallera, när julen kommer ska varenda unge vara gla' [glad]! Hejsan hoppsan, fallerallera, när julen kommer ska varenda unge vara gla' [glad]!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "\"We must, for example, meet during Christmas; it's a part of life and crucial for our well-being that we get to meet each other. We just need to be mindful not to infect anyone who is vulnerable,\" he [the state epidemiologist] says.",
"ref": "2023 December 11, Magnus Liljesköld, “Fortsatt ökad spridning av trippelsmittan väntas i jul [Continued increased spread of the triple infection is expected during Christmas.]”, in Sveriges Radio",
"text": "”Vi måste ju till exempel träffas i jul, det är ju en del av livet och det är viktigt för vårt välbefinnande att vi får träffa varandra, bara vi tänker på att inte smitta någon som är sårbar”, säger han [statsepidemiologen].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Christmas, Yule"
],
"links": [
[
"Christmas",
"Christmas"
],
[
"Yule",
"Yule"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jʉːl/"
},
{
"homophone": "hjul"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʉːl"
},
{
"audio": "Sv-jul.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/Sv-jul.ogg/Sv-jul.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Sv-jul.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sv:jul"
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"categories": [
"Rhymes:Swedish/ʉːl",
"Rhymes:Swedish/ʉːl/1 syllable",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Swedish terms with audio links",
"Swedish terms with homophones",
"sv:Christmas",
"sv:Months"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "jul c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "jul c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "jan - feb - mar - apr - maj - jun - jul - aug - sep - okt - nov - dec"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish abbreviations"
],
"glosses": [
"July; abbreviation of juli."
],
"links": [
[
"July",
"July"
],
[
"juli",
"juli#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jʉːl/"
},
{
"homophone": "hjul"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʉːl"
},
{
"audio": "Sv-jul.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/Sv-jul.ogg/Sv-jul.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Sv-jul.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"sv:jul"
],
"word": "jul"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "de",
"3": "Schule"
},
"expansion": "German Schule",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Schule.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "juls",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "vo-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "jul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "juls",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jules",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "juli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "o jul!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "o juls!",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "julu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "julus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vo",
"2": "noun",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "juls",
"f1accel-form": "nom|p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "jul (nominative plural juls)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "jul (nominative plural juls)",
"name": "vo-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "pöpajul"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "vo-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Volapük",
"lang_code": "vo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Volapük entries with incorrect language header",
"Volapük lemmas",
"Volapük nouns",
"Volapük terms borrowed from German",
"Volapük terms derived from German",
"Volapük terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"school"
],
"links": [
[
"school",
"school"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃul/"
}
],
"word": "jul"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.